Sage 4.1.1 was released on August 14th, 2009. For the official, comprehensive release note, please refer to sage-4.1.1.txt. The following points are some of the foci of this release:
- Improved data conversion between NumPy and Sage
- Solaris support, Solaris specific bug fixes for NTL, zn_poly, Pari/GP, FLINT, MPFR, PolyBoRI, ATLAS
- Upgrade/updates for about 8 standard packages
- Three new optional packages: openopt, GLPK, p_group_cohomology
In this release, 13 people made their first contribution:
- Adam Webb
- Anders Claesson
- Andrew Mathas
- Dag Sverre Seljebotn
- Evan Fosmark
- Jens Rasch
- Nathann Cohen
- Peter McNamara
- Simon Morris
- Steven Hartke
- Taylor Sutton
- Tim Dumol
- Vincent Delecroix
We closed 165 tickets, details of which are available on the Sage trac server. Among these tickets is the long-standing #111, which was closed due to the work of Alex Ghitza and David Loeffler. Thus, ticket #111 is our lowest ticket winner for this release. With the merging of ticket #877, there is a change in the way docstring coverage is counted. Previously, the docstring coverage script also counted functions that are local to other functions. In this manner, the docstring coverage for Sage 4.1 is:
- Overall weighted coverage score: 77.8%
- Total number of functions: 22398
With ticket #877, nested functions or functions local to other functions are no longer counted towards the docstring coverage. This results in a reduced number of functions, hence we have the following statistics for Sage 4.1 as a result of #877:
- Overall weighted coverage score: 78.3%
- Total number of functions: 22210
Using the docstring coverage technique from ticket #877, in Sage 4.1.1 we increased coverage by 0.3%, while adding 120 functions:
- Overall weighted coverage score: 78.6%
- Total number of functions: 22330
Known Issues
The standard package cliquer doesn’t build under some 64-bit platforms. There are reports of cliquer failing to compile under 64-bit Fedora 10 (see ticket #6746) and 64-bit Intel Mac running OS X 10.5 (see ticket #6681). We provide the 64-bit binary
- sage-4.1.1-OSX10.5-intel-64bit-i386-Darwin.dmg
on the Mac OS X binary download page. However, users should note that the README.txt file in that binary contains a warning about cliquer. In the above binary, the cliquer import statement in sage/graphs/all.py has been commented out like so
#from sage.graphs.cliquer import *
as a work-around to allow Sage to start up. In the meantime, users of 64-bit OS X won’t have access to functionalities of the cliquer spkg until ticket #6681 has been resolved.
Here is a summary of main features in this release, categorized under various headings:
Algebra
- Adds method __nonzero__() to abelian groups (Taylor Sutton) #6510 — New method __nonzero__() for the class AbelianGroup_class in sage/groups/abelian_gps/abelian_group.py. This method returns True if the abelian group in question is non-trivial:
sage: E = EllipticCurve([0, 82])sage: T = E.torsion_subgroup()sage: bool(T)Falsesage: T.__nonzero__()False
Basic Arithmetic
- Implement real_part() and imag_part() for CDF and CC (Alex Ghitza) #6159 — The name real_part is now an alias to the method real(); similarly, imag_part is now an alias to the method imag().
sage: a = CDF(3, -2)sage: a.real()3.0sage: a.real_part()3.0sage: a.imag()-2.0sage: a.imag_part()-2.0sage: i = ComplexField(100).0sage: z = 2 + 3*isage: z.real()2.0000000000000000000000000000sage: z.real_part()2.0000000000000000000000000000sage: z.imag()3.0000000000000000000000000000sage: z.imag_part()3.0000000000000000000000000000
- Efficient summing using balanced sum (Jason Grout, Mike Hansen) #2737 — New function balanced_sum() in the module sage/misc/misc_c.pyx for summing the elements in a list. In some cases, balanced_sum() is more efficient than the built-in Python sum() function, where the efficiency can range from 26x up to 1410x faster than sum(). The following timing statistics were obtained using the machine sage.math:
sage: R. = QQ["x,y"]sage: L = [x^i for i in xrange(1000)]sage: %time sum(L);CPU times: user 0.01 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.01 sWall time: 0.01 ssage: %time balanced_sum(L);CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 sWall time: 0.00 ssage: %timeit sum(L);100 loops, best of 3: 8.66 ms per loopsage: %timeit balanced_sum(L);1000 loops, best of 3: 324 µs per loopsage:sage: L = [[i] for i in xrange(10e4)]sage: %time sum(L, []);CPU times: user 84.61 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 84.61 sWall time: 84.61 ssage: %time balanced_sum(L, []);CPU times: user 0.06 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.06 sWall time: 0.06 s
Calculus
- Wigner 3j, 6j, 9j, Clebsch-Gordan, Racah and Gaunt coefficients (Jens Rasch) #5996 — A collection of functions for exactly calculating Wigner 3j, 6j, 9j, Clebsch-Gordan, Racah as well as Gaunt coefficients. All these functions evaluate to a rational number times the square root of a rational number. These new functions are defined in the module sage/functions/wigner.py. Here are some examples on calculating the Wigner 3j, 6j, 9j symbols:
sage: wigner_3j(2, 6, 4, 0, 0, 0)sqrt(5/143)sage: wigner_3j(0.5, 0.5, 1, 0.5, -0.5, 0)sqrt(1/6)sage: wigner_6j(3,3,3,3,3,3)-1/14sage: wigner_6j(8,8,8,8,8,8)-12219/965770sage: wigner_9j(1,1,1, 1,1,1, 1,1,0 ,prec=64) # ==1/180.0555555555555555555sage: wigner_9j(15,15,15, 15,3,15, 15,18,10, prec=1000)*1.0-0.0000778324615309539
The Clebsch-Gordan, Racah and Gaunt coefficients can be computed as follows:
sage: simplify(clebsch_gordan(3/2,1/2,2, 3/2,1/2,2))1sage: clebsch_gordan(1.5,0.5,1, 1.5,-0.5,1)1/2*sqrt(3)sage: racah(3,3,3,3,3,3)-1/14sage: gaunt(1,0,1,1,0,-1)-1/2/sqrt(pi)sage: gaunt(12,15,5,2,3,-5)91/124062*sqrt(36890)/sqrt(pi)sage: gaunt(1000,1000,1200,9,3,-12).n(64)0.00689500421922113448
Combinatorics
- Optimize the words library code (Vincent Delecroix, Sébastien Labbé, Franco Saliola) #6519 — An enhancement of the words library code in sage/combinat/words to improve its efficiency and reorganize the code. The efficiency gain for creating small words can be up to 6x:
# BEFOREsage: %timeit Word()10000 loops, best of 3: 46.6 µs per loopsage: %timeit Word("abbabaab")10000 loops, best of 3: 62 µs per loopsage: %timeit Word([0,1,1,0,1,0,0,1])10000 loops, best of 3: 59.4 µs per loop# AFTERsage: %timeit Word()100000 loops, best of 3: 6.85 µs per loopsage: %timeit Word("abbabaab")100000 loops, best of 3: 11.8 µs per loopsage: %timeit Word([0,1,1,0,1,0,0,1])100000 loops, best of 3: 10.6 µs per loopFor the creation of large words, the improvement can be from between 8000x up to 39000x:
# BEFOREsage: t = words.ThueMorseWord()sage: w = list(t[:1000000])sage: %timeit Word(w)10 loops, best of 3: 792 ms per loopsage: u = "".join(map(str, list(t[:1000000])))sage: %timeit Word(u)10 loops, best of 3: 777 ms per loopsage: %timeit Words("01")(u)10 loops, best of 3: 748 ms per loop# AFTERsage: t = words.ThueMorseWord()sage: w = list(t[:1000000])sage: %timeit Word(w)10000 loops, best of 3: 20.3 µs per loopsage: u = "".join(map(str, list(t[:1000000])))sage: %timeit Word(u)10000 loops, best of 3: 21.9 µs per loopsage: %timeit Words("01")(u)10000 loops, best of 3: 84.3 µs per loopAll of the above timing statistics were obtained using the machine sage.math. Further timing comparisons can be found at the Sage wiki page.
- Improve the speed of Permutation.inverse() (Anders Claesson) #6621 — In some cases, the speed gain is up to 11x. The following timing statistics were obtained using the machine sage.math:
# BEFOREsage: p = Permutation([6, 7, 8, 9, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5])sage: %timeit p.inverse()10000 loops, best of 3: 67.1 µs per loopsage: p = Permutation([19, 5, 13, 8, 7, 15, 9, 10, 16, 3, 12, 6, 2, 20, 18, 11, 14, 4, 17, 1])sage: %timeit p.inverse()1000 loops, best of 3: 240 µs per loopsage: p = Permutation([14, 17, 1, 24, 16, 34, 19, 9, 20, 18, 36, 5, 22, 2, 27, 40, 37, 15, 3, 35, 10, 25, 21, 8, 13, 26, 12, 32, 23, 38, 11, 4, 6, 39, 31, 28, 29, 7, 30, 33])sage: %timeit p.inverse()1000 loops, best of 3: 857 µs per loop# AFTERsage: p = Permutation([6, 7, 8, 9, 4, 2, 3, 1, 5])sage: %timeit p.inverse()10000 loops, best of 3: 24.6 µs per loopsage: p = Permutation([19, 5, 13, 8, 7, 15, 9, 10, 16, 3, 12, 6, 2, 20, 18, 11, 14, 4, 17, 1])sage: %timeit p.inverse()10000 loops, best of 3: 41.4 µs per loopsage: p = Permutation([14, 17, 1, 24, 16, 34, 19, 9, 20, 18, 36, 5, 22, 2, 27, 40, 37, 15, 3, 35, 10, 25, 21, 8, 13, 26, 12, 32, 23, 38, 11, 4, 6, 39, 31, 28, 29, 7, 30, 33])sage: %timeit p.inverse()10000 loops, best of 3: 72.4 µs per loop
- Updating some quirks in sage/combinat/partition.py (Andrew Mathas) #5790 — The functions r_core(), r_quotient(), k_core(), and partition_sign() are now deprecated. These are replaced with core(), quotient(), and sign() respectively. The rewrite of the function Partition() deprecated the argument core_and_quotient. The core and the quotient can be passed as keywords of Partition().
sage: Partition(core_and_quotient=([2,1], [[2,1],[3],[1,1,1]]))/home/mvngu/.sage/temp/sage.math.washington.edu/9221/_home_mvngu__sage_init_sage_0.py:1: DeprecationWarning: "core_and_quotient=(*)" is deprecated. Use "core=[*], quotient=[*]" instead. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-[11, 5, 5, 3, 2, 2, 2]sage: Partition(core=[2,1], quotient=[[2,1],[3],[1,1,1]])[11, 5, 5, 3, 2, 2, 2]sage: Partition([6,3,2,2]).r_quotient(3)/home/mvngu/.sage/temp/sage.math.washington.edu/9221/_home_mvngu__sage_init_sage_0.py:1: DeprecationWarning: r_quotient is deprecated. Please use quotient instead. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-[[], [], [2, 1]]sage: Partition([6,3,2,2]).quotient(3)[[], [], [2, 1]]sage: partition_sign([5,1,1,1,1,1])/home/mvngu/.sage/temp/sage.math.washington.edu/9221/_home_mvngu__sage_init_sage_0.py:1: DeprecationWarning: "partition_sign deprecated. Use Partition(pi).sign() instead # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-1sage: Partition([5,1,1,1,1,1]).sign()1
Cryptography
- Improve S-box linear and differences matrices computation (Yann Laigle-Chapuy) #6454 — Speed up the functions difference_distribution_matrix() and linear_approximation_matrix() of the class SBox in the module sage/crypto/mq/sbox.py. The function linear_approximation_matrix() now uses the Walsh transform. The efficiency of difference_distribution_matrix() can be up to 277x, while that for linear_approximation_matrix() can be up to 132x. The following timing statistics were obtained using the machine sage.math:
# BEFOREsage: S = mq.SR(1,4,4,8).sbox()sage: %time S.difference_distribution_matrix();CPU times: user 77.73 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 77.73 sWall time: 77.73 ssage: %time S.linear_approximation_matrix();CPU times: user 132.96 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 132.96 sWall time: 132.96 s# AFTERsage: S = mq.SR(1,4,4,8).sbox()sage: %time S.difference_distribution_matrix();CPU times: user 0.28 s, sys: 0.01 s, total: 0.29 sWall time: 0.28 ssage: %time S.linear_approximation_matrix();CPU times: user 1.01 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 1.01 sWall time: 1.01 s
Elliptic Curves
- Allow the method integral_points() to handle elliptic curves with large ranks (John Cremona) #6381 — A rewrite of the method integral_x_coords_in_interval() in the class EllipticCurve_rational_field belonging to the module sage/schemes/elliptic_curves/ell_rational_field.py. The rewrite allows the method integral_points() to compute the integral points of elliptic curves with large ranks. For example, previously the following code would result in an OverflowError:
sage: D = 6611719866sage: E = EllipticCurve([0, 0, 0, -D^2, 0])sage: E.integral_points();
- Multiplication-by-n method on elliptic curve formal groups uses the double-and-add algorithm (Hamish Ivey-Law, Tom Boothby) #6407 — Previously, the method EllipticCurveFormalGroup.mult_by_n() was implemented by applying the group law to itself n times. However, when working over a field of characteristic zero, a faster algorithm would be used instead. The linear algorithm is now replaced with the logarithmic double-and-add algorithm, i.e. the additive version of the standard square-and-multiply algorithm. In some cases, the efficiency gain can range from 3% up to 29%. The following timing statistics were obtained using the machine sage.math:
# BEFOREsage: F = EllipticCurve(GF(101), [1, 1]).formal_group()sage: %time F.mult_by_n(100, 20);CPU times: user 0.98 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.98 sWall time: 0.98 ssage: F = EllipticCurve("37a").formal_group()sage: %time F.mult_by_n(1000000, 20);CPU times: user 0.38 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.38 sWall time: 0.38 ssage: %time F.mult_by_n(100000000, 20);CPU times: user 0.55 s, sys: 0.03 s, total: 0.58 sWall time: 0.58 s# AFTERsage: F = EllipticCurve(GF(101), [1, 1]).formal_group()sage: %time F.mult_by_n(100, 20);CPU times: user 0.96 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.96 sWall time: 0.95 ssage: F = EllipticCurve("37a").formal_group()sage: %time F.mult_by_n(1000000, 20);CPU times: user 0.44 s, sys: 0.01 s, total: 0.45 sWall time: 0.45 ssage: %time F.mult_by_n(100000000, 20);CPU times: user 0.40 s, sys: 0.01 s, total: 0.41 sWall time: 0.41 s
Graphics
- Plotting 3-D Bezier paths (Emily Kirkman) #6098 — New function bezier3d() for plotting a 3-dimensional Bezier path. Here are some examples for working with this function:
sage: bezier3d([[(0,0,0), (1,0,0), (0,1,0), (0,1,1)]]).show(zoom=1.2)
On the command of execution "Tench Hut," raise the left leg from the hip. The only command you will receive from these positions is "Flight, Tench Hut..
tench hut – Google Blog Search
Stanjay's James Draculic was an excellent second with perch and a tench from below the Strawberry Hut. Gavin Butler landed five smallish chub for third, Posted by Robie at 9:36 AM. Labels: 458 italia ferrari, david haye, deezer.fr,
Untitled Document
Tench hut! [ 1 ]. crzyrbbt · der mi cukyz. #1 Posted 10 months ago. Mod this. + 1 Cool, + 1 Funny, + 1 Ditto, + 1 Zing! – 1 Lame, – 1 WTF, – 1 Noob.
Tendency Tops: Tench Hut Pictures
room tench hut straight messin with dude everytime haha From: deprivation2006 Views: 37 [...] Check out the latest Trends.
Rooster Teeth · Squadron! Tench hut!
8 Oct 2007. For example, to call everyone to Attention, you say the words tench-HUT, making the last part louder. Every command is broken up like this,.
room tench hut – Vox
academy black friday deals family plot texas high school football playoffs rihanna interview diane sawyer scott becker looking for april uss new york commissioning matt kornya tench hut homestead air show latest bigfoot sightings
Language matters in America: tench-HUT
Most recent Flickr photos in full text search for "Tench Hut": Tench Hut Color Guard,. You Tube. Mon 12 Oct 09, 12:47 GMT room tench hut youtube.com.
Competition Winners Announced!! Check Here!!! | Graphic | Dreanna
Rihanna Interview Diane Sawyer | Cereality | Air Force Academy | Matt Kornya | Jacksonville Air Show 2009 | Tom Cruise Dead | Ironman Florida | Tench Hut | Family Plot | Sea And Sky Spectacular | How American Healthcare Killed My
Tench Hut
Room Tench-Hut. Moderator: Leadership Laboratory moderators. Post subject: Room Tench-Hut. Post Posted: 10 Jan 2007 06:36.
Updated: chodne ki kahani:Mastram Ki Chudai Ki Kahani
18. tench hut 19. family plot 20. sea and sky spectacular 21. how american healthcare killed my father 22. m.i.a. 23. cape charles va 24. fn 5.7 millimeter pistol 25. freeline skates 26. wayman tisdale 27. turandot synopsis
CadetStuff • View topic – Room Tench-Hut
We AF kids use "Tench-HUT." I like it better than the drawn out "Ahh-Tenn-SHUN/ HUT.. Anyone try looking up a manual on the subject of tench-hut?.
Updated: droid phone reviews:jntu hyderabad:delhi police result
tench hut – latest 5 news, information, videos, photos, images.
Change of accent when calling commands? – Page 3 – Grunt Forum
me and tench · Tench Tillman Sampson · FRANKLIN FT GRANGER TENCHES · Caleb Tench · me and tench · TENCH · Tench and Dave · grouuuuuuuuuuup tench hut.
tench hut – latest 5 news, information, videos, photos, images
Species: Carp, Tench, Bream, Perch, Roach. Permits: day tickets available from local tackle shops (nearest is Bagnall & Kirkwood, Grey Street) or refreshment hut at weekends. Leazes Park AA. Website: http://www.leazesangling.com/
Tench pictures and videos on Webshots
"Tent tench-hut." -Miller "Don't say that, it sounds stupid.. "Tent tench-hut !" -Quebec flight males, half-dressed and struggling to.
Stillwater Coarse & Game Fishing Venues in Northumberland and Tyne
so yeap, this is the first blog i'll be writting as a member of the armed forces, oooo. hah not really but anyways last time i posted a blog, was like right before i left for basic. so what has change…
Quebec Quotables, Facebook
The proper command is, "Flight, TENCH-. HUT." To begin the class,. Then the Flt Cmdr will command, "Flight, In Seats, TENCH-HUT" and report to the.
airman! tench hut!
i made it! after spending six and a half weeks at lackland air force base in san antonio, texas, i graduated from basic military training (bmt) last friday, feb. 23, 2007. i can honestly say that…
TX-20082 AFJROTC 20082 AFJROTC 20082 AFJROTC
Film: Vision Quest
Rated: R
Directed by: Harold Becker
Written by: Terry Davis (novel), Daryll Ponicsan (screenplay)
Tagline: All he needed was a lucky break. Then one day she moved in.
Starring: Matthew Modineas Louden Swain
Linda Fiorentino as Carla
Michael Schoeffling as Kutch
Ronny Cox as Louden’s Dad
By Rob R.
Pre-screening memories: My genetic makeup ensured that wrestling was never to be a sport in which I would excel, much less even consider. Cursed with legs even chickens found sad and shoulders that extended out just past my ears, my physique was not one that would easily intimidate opponents above the age of 7.
That did not stop me from appreciating the sport in all its incarnations. From superstars such as Jerry “The King” Lawler, “Rowdy” Roddy Piper and “Superfly” Jimmy Snuka to the local meets at the area high school.
I participated in team sports — a stint in baseball here, a little lacrosse there – but there was always something about the individual drive and focus from the sport that interested me (I would later find an outlet to put this interest into practice in the form of long-distance running).
Louden Swain was the jock I wanted to be. There was an earnestness, a sense of wonder, a sweetness to him absent from the jock stereotypes that populated many of the teen-oriented films of decade. There was a sandpaper-like edge of realism to the film under that glossy marketing of it being “Madonna’s first on-screen role,” (though a certain soft-core porno later released would prove this to be false).
The film prompted me to purchase the book on which it was based, only to find the pages held an altered version of what I witnessed on the screen. The book’s open-ended conclusion I actually found much more engaging, as it prompted me to fill in the blanks of Louden’s destiny.
New memories: Red Rider, why you never made it big in the US, and yet Stryper went platinum will remain a mystery to me. Their haunting “Lunatic Fringe” (see video below) served as Louden’s reoccurring theme song with its ghostly synthesizer, punctuated with driving, staccato power chords. It was also great to see Madonna in her slutty-looking early days, with more curves and arms that did not look as though they were forged by a blacksmith.
Music aside, I realized that my memories of the book superseded that of the film, and as good as the film still is, I liked the fact that Louden’s fate was one that I decided.
____________________________________________________
Download the podcast here: ‘Vision Quest’ with its author Terry Davis
Or stay on the mat here and listen to it below:
____________________________________________________
Our featured guest: Author Terry Davis
Terry Davis hit the ground running as an author and has since seldom slowed down, as a wrestling coach, college professor, columnist, biographer and motorcycle specialist.
Though retired from teaching, he is currently penning screenplays and contributes columns to his local paper.
His novel Vision Quest won immediate accolades, including author John Irving, who deemed it “The truest novel about growing up since ‘Catcher in the Rye.” Davis had much to say about the transition of his work from page to screen, as well as his time spent on the set of the film.
A big Natsukashi “thank you” to Mr. Davis for joining us and for creating a character that resonated with us for so many years.
Last night at the Michael W Smith concert we sang that over and over – let the Church arise. Today’s a day you can put that into action. Time is running out to let your representatives know that we do not want abortion included in the health care reform.
If you live in South Dakota the link to contact Rep Herseth-Sandlin is http://hersethsandlin.house.gov/contact2.htm or better yet give her a call at 202.225.2801.
Here’s an example of what you can say if you contact her through the website:
“I encourage you to vote down today’s health care reform bill, the whole state is watching. In the least, remove abortion funding and mandates from health care reform with the STUPAK-PITTS Amendment! We South Dakotan’s are smart enough to notice that all of the other “ammendments” don’t stop tax-payer funded abortions so please include the STUPAK-PITTS Amendment!
This is not the health care reform we (South Dakotans) want. “
If you don’t live in South Dakota here’s a link where you can contact yours: https://writerep.house.gov/writerep/welcome.shtml
Here’s the email that shares additional information about the STUPAK-PITTS Amendment.
— On Fri, 11/6/09, StopTheAbortionMandate.com <info@stoptheabortionmandate.com> wrote:
>
> TODAY is the defining day of the struggle to remove the abortion mandate from health care reform.
>
> TODAY is the day to take a stand — for LIFE.
>
> We are on the eve of the vote of the U.S. House of Representatives health care bill. This legislation is estimated to cost our nation over $1.2 TRILLION and still contains a massive abortion
> industry bailout in the form of government funded abortions through the “public” option.
>
> Planned Parenthood and the rest of the abortion industry are pulling out all the stops to get this bill passed. They know it will open the floodgates to billions of dollars of government funds for their
> abortion business — and they are pressuring elected officials into giving them exactly what they want.
>
> There is nothing more important today than FLOODING our Congressmen with calls and e-mails insisting that they explicitly exclude abortion from any health care reform bill!
>
> CONTACT CONGRESS NOW:
>
> http://tinyurl.com/yg6jot5
>
> This afternoon, pro-abortion House leaders are expected to put forward a “Rule” intended to BLOCK the only Pro-Life Amendment on the table — the Stupak-Pitts Amendment — from receiving a vote. Instead, the “Rule” is expected to include the Ellsworth Amendment, which House leadership has been deceptively calling a “pro-life” amendment. The Ellsworth Amendment specifically ALLOWS federal funding of abortion in the public plan and allows government subsidies to go to private plans that include abortion coverage.
>
> Don’t be fooled! Such a “Rule” would prevent any truly pro-life provision from being considered or included and will result in the largest expansion of abortion since Roe v. Wade in 1973.
>
> We only have TODAY! Tell Congress: “Remove abortion funding and mandates from health care reform!” Don’t delay!
> And just in time to help get the word out that the current health care reform bill DOES fund abortion on demand with government money, Stop the Abortion Mandate coalition members just launched a new ad on CNN Headline News today. Check it out here and share this with others:
>
> http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9iPym0GvYEg
>> Craig- as Congressman Chris Smith said on Monday night’s massive Stop the Abortion Mandate webcast:”THIS IS THE BIG ONE!”
>
> Act now, or millions more innocent unborn children will die. CONTACT CONGRESS TODAY!
> For Life,
> > Stop the Abortion Mandate Coalition
> http://www.StopTheAbortionMandate.com
Abortion hurts women. Let the Church arise.
I know, I know. I played too fast on the video! The tempo in my head was going very fast! But it has been done, and I’m not willing to go back to recording it all over again. Anyway, since there’s a lot of repetition (i.e., there aren’t a lot of changes to chords), I believe one can still see what I play quite clearly on the video?
19 NOV 2008
There was a request to demonstrate how to play the melody along with the accompaniment for this song. I have to warn you that it’s going to be difficult to see what I play on the video. That’s because there are so many fingers there! 
Anyway, I hope you can see what notes I pressed.
By Kathryn Jean Lopez / National Review Online
Andrew Breitbart, Internet juggernaut.
The Revolution Will Not Be Televised: Democracy, the Internet, and the Overthrow of Everything. That was Democrat Joe Trippi’s 2004 manifesto. Taking On the System: Rules for Radical Change in a Digital Era was the title of another guide, by Daily Kos founder Markos Moulitsas, issued last fall.
Well, the system has been taken on. And it wasn’t televised: It was YouTubed. But it wasn’t Trippi or Markos. It happened on the other side of the World Wide Web street: Andrew Breitbart didn’t write the book, he did the deed.
“You can’t change the world without conflict,” Moulitsas wrote. “Self-appointed and unaccountable gatekeepers have purported to operate in the public interest, but they are grossly out of touch with the public.”
He took his inspiration from Sixties radical Saul Alinsky, author of Rules for Radicals, and quoted him thus: “We will start with the system because there is no other place to start from except political lunacy. It is most important for those of us who want revolutionary change to understand that revolution must be preceded by reformation. To assume that a political revolution can survive without the supporting base of a popular reformation is to ask for the impossible in politics.”
“Bypass the Gatekeepers.”
“Don’t Wait for Authorization.”
“Target Your Villain.”
“Adapt and Innovate.”
“Embrace the Attacks.”
“Fight Small, Win Big.”
It all sounds familiar, doesn’t it? Again, these are pieces of advice from Kossak-in-chief Markos. But it could very well tell the story of the launch of Breitbart’s Big Government.
Something happened as folks on the right sat around waiting for Sarah Palin’s next Facebook post, wondering who the next Ronald Reagan would be. Something happened while folks debated death panels, what Rush Limbaugh said at noon that MSNBC or Rahm Emanuel
is up in arms about. Something happened while the president of the United States planned his strategy for getting a Washington his party runs to sign up for his health-care revolution.
The stuff of which media revolutions are made happened.
The Left rules, you could still argue. But that’s in spite of being Left. Barack Obama ran for president downplaying his left-wing ideology and record, instead talking vaguely about “hope” and “change” and even invoking Ronald Reagan.
You’ve seen the tea parties. You saw the march. Now you’ve seen inside the Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now (ACORN).
Andrew Breitbart, born and raised online, has been a longtime collaborator with web wonder Matt Drudge. Always a behind-the-scenes mover, he’s come out of the shadows a bit with his own websites, Breitbart, Big Hollywood, and Big Government — taking the Rules for Radicals and Radical Change and running with them.
For as long as I can remember, the Right — most notably the Capital Research Center — has been writing about ACORN. And, for as long as I can remember, ACORN has gotten government funding anyway. For as long as I can remember, churches naively gave them money anyway. As recently as this summer, we exposed the ties of the Democratic party and its nominee to this community-organizing organization, its radical anti-capitalism and its voter fraud.
But what it really took was a cartoonish pimp-and-prostitute sting operation. A guy and a gal with a hidden camera and a website willing to publish. By now you know the story. When asked how to skirt the law and establish a brothel, representatives of ACORN offered them advice — a gift to the Right that for so long has wanted to take them down. Want to know how to get on welfare? James O’Keefe III, portraying a pimp who sought to traffic in foreign children, got advice, with Hannah Giles, portraying a prostitute, by his side. Want to cheat the tax system? ACORN provided this advice, too. Public housing? ACORN helped! And always make sure to have a tin for hiding the profit, they added.
And then there is the National Endowment for the Arts. One of the very first things I wrote for National Review was an editorial item about the NEA. About some funding outrage. About unnecessary funding of the arts in America in the first place. I was far from alone. Again, Breitbart’s Big Hollywood has exposed the NEA for holding a phone call recruiting artists to serve the president’s political agenda, offering them talking points for doing so. The revelation gradually has led to a reassignment of duties at the NEA and a White House response.
If we were to continue to adapt Moulitsas’s book, “Aim for the Gut, Not for the Brain” might be an appropriate chapter title.
The Left clearly wants to advance radical change. Their success is neither imminent nor inevitable. That has something to do with the fact that folks on the right are so obviously tired of the audacity. Of the presidential slights. Many of these are the same people who would have been — or were — standing athwart history yelling Stop! during the Cold War. They believe it’s about liberty and tyranny, as radio-talk-show host Mark R. Levin puts it in the title of his bestselling book.
In his chronicle of how Howard Dean was changing the world with new technology, Trippi wrote what he called “the story of a person who spends his life reconciling two vastly different worlds — politics and technology — and wakes up one morning to find himself standing at the place where they’re about to converge, to crash together and begin reversing fifty years of political cynicism in one glorious explosion of civic re-engagement.”
That, Mr. Trippi, is where Andrew Breitbart lives. Exposing and getting results, from Congress, from the White House, even, reluctantly, from the media. The left-wing emperor issued many orders, but he has no clothes. If you thought the Right wasn’t competing online, and wasn’t capable of doing some organizing of its own, September 2009 has been an education.
— Kathryn Jean Lopez is editor of National Review Online.
Planet earth for kids
Introduction to Earth
Do you know where you live? With the hustle and bustle of everyday life, it is easy to forget that the human family lives on a small blue planet named Earth. All around us we see trees, animals, cars, buildings, farms, factories, stores, and other natural and man-made structures.
With all of these every day familiar objects around us and with the vast sky above us, and the deep oceans beneath us, our home planet often feels quite large. Compared to us, it is very large. There is enough space for each of us, our families and friends, our pets, as well as trillions of other life forms to live and enjoy the various experiences of life.
While to us, the Earth appears to be a vast wilderness, compared to other objects in the Universe it is actually quite small, in fact, it is so small, that you could say it is tiny.
Earth, also known as theEarth or Terra. It is the third planet outward from the Sun. It is the largest of the solar system’s terrestrial planets, and the only planetary body that modern science confirms as harbouring life. The planet formed around 4.57 billion (4.57×109) years ago and shortly thereafter acquired its single natural satellite, the Moon. Its dominant species is the human (Homo sapiens).
Structure of earth
Cross sectional view of the Earth
Physical characteristics of the Earth
Physical characteristics
Shape
The Earth is approximately a slightly oblate spheroid (ellipsoid having a shorter axis and two equal longer axes), with an average diameter of approximately 12,742 km. The maximum deviations from this are the highest point on Earth (Mount Everest, which is only 8,850 m) and the lowest (the bottom of the Mariana Trench, at 10,911 m below sea level). The mass of the Earth is approximately 6 x 1024 kg.
Structure
Geophysical studies have revealed that the Earth has several distinct layers. Each of these layers has its own properties. The outermost layer of the Earth is the crust. This comprises the continents and ocean basins. The crust has a variable thickness, being 35-70 km thick in the continents and 5-10 km thick in the ocean basins. The crust is composed mainly of alumino-silicates.
The next layer is the mantle, which is composed mainly of ferro-magnesium silicates. It is about 2900 km thick, and is separated into the upper and lower mantle. This is where most of the internal heat of the Earth is located. Large convective cells in the mantle circulate heat and may drive plate tectonic processes.
The last layer is the core, which is separated into the liquid outer core and the solid inner core. The outer core is 2300 km thick and the inner core is 1200 km thick. The outer core is composed mainly of a nickel-iron alloy, while the inner core is almost entirely composed of iron. Earth’s magnetic field is believed to be controlled by the liquid outer core.
The Earth is separated into layers based on mechanical properties in addition to composition. The topmost layer is the lithosphere, which is comprised of the crust and solid portion of the upper mantle. The lithosphere is divided into many plates that move in relation to each other due to tectonic forces. The lithosphere essentially floats atop a semi-liquid layer known as the asthenosphere. This layer allows the solid lithosphere to move around since the asthenosphere is much weaker than the lithosphere.
Interior
Interior heat
The interior of Earth reaches temperatures of 5270 kelvins. The planet’s internal heat was originally generated during its accretion, and since then additional heat has continued to be generated by the decay of radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium, and potassium. The heat flow from the interior to the surface is only 1/20,000 as great as the energy received from the Sun.
Structure
Earth’s composition (by depth below surface):
0 to 60 km – Lithosphere (locally varies 5-200 km)
0 to 35 km – Crust (locally varies 5-70 km)
35 to 2890 km – Mantle
100 to 700 km – Asthenosphere
2890 to 5100 km – Outer Core
5100 to 6378 km – Inner Core
Core of the earth
cross sectional view of the earth
Structure of the earth
core of earth
Interior of the earth
The core of the earth
The core
The average density of Earth is 5515 kg/m3, making it the densest planet in the Solar system. Since the average density of surface material is only around 3000 kg/m3, we must conclude that denser materials exist within the core of the Earth.
The core is divided into two parts, a solid inner core with a radius of ~1250 km and a liquid outer core extending beyond it to a radius of ~3500 km. The inner core is generally believed to be solid and composed primarily of iron and some nickel. The outer core surrounds the inner core and is believed to be composed of liquid iron mixed with liquid nickel and trace amounts of lighter elements. It is generally believed that convection in the outer core, combined with stirring caused by the Earth’s rotation gives rise to the Earth’s magnetic field through a process described by the dynamo theory. The solid inner core is too hot to hold a permanent magnetic field but acts to stabilise the magnetic field generated by the liquid outer core.
The mantle
Mantle
Earth’s mantle extends to a depth of 2890 km. It is largely composed of substances rich in iron and magnesium. The melting point of a substance depends on the pressure it is under. As there is intense and increasing pressure as one travels deeper into the mantle, the lower part of this region is thought solid while the upper mantle is semi-molten. Thus, the upper mantle can only flow very slowly.
Crust
The crust ranges from 5 to 70 km in depth. The thin parts are oceanic crust composed of dense iron magnesium silicate rocks and underlie the ocean basins. The thicker crust is continental crust which is less dense and composed of sodium potassium aluminium silicate rocks.
Biosphere
Biosphere
Earth is the only place where life is known to exist. The planet’s life forms are sometimes said to form a “biosphere”. The biosphere is divided into a number of biomes, inhabited by broadly similar flora and fauna. On land, biomes are separated primarily by latitude. Terrestrial biomes lying within the Arctic and Antarctic Circles are relatively barren of plant and animal life, while most of the more populous biomes lie near the Equator.
Atmosphere and its layers
Layers of the earth’s atmosphere
Layers of atmosphere
Atmosphere
Earth has a relatively thick atmosphere composed of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% argon, plus traces of other gases including carbon dioxide and water vapour. The atmosphere acts as a buffer between Earth and the Sun. The Earth’s atmospheric composition is unstable and is maintained by the biosphere. Namely, the large amount of free diatomic oxygen is maintained through solar energy by the Earth’s plants, and without the plants supplying it, the oxygen in the atmosphere will over geological timescales combine with material from the surface of the Earth.
The layers, troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and the exosphere, vary around the globe and in response to seasonal changes.
UV rays entering the ozone layer
TROPOSPHERE
This is the layer of the atmosphere closest to the Earth’s surface, extending up to about 10-15 km above the Earth’s surface. It contains 75% of the atmosphere’s mass. The troposphere is wider at the equator than at the poles. Temperature and pressure drops as you go higher up the troposphere.
STRATOSPHERE
This layer lies directly above the troposphere and is about 35 km deep. It extends from about 15 to 50 km above the Earth’s surface. The lower portion of the stratosphere has a nearly constant temperature with height but in the upper portion the temperature increases with altitude because of absorption of sunlight by ozone. This temperature increase with altitude is the opposite of the situation in the troposphere.
The Ozone Layer: The stratosphere contains a thin layer of ozone which absorbs most of the harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. The ozone layer is being depleted, and is getting thinner over Europe, Asia, North American and Antarctica, “holes” are appearing in the ozone layer.
MESOSPHERE
Directly above the stratosphere, extending from 50 to 80 km above the Earth’s surface, the mesosphere is a cold layer where the temperature generally decreases with increasing altitude. Here in the mesosphere, the atmosphere is very rarefied nevertheless thick enough to slow down meteors hurtling into the atmosphere, where they burn up, leaving fiery trails in the night sky.
THERMOSPHERE
The thermosphere extends from 80 km above the Earth’s surface to outer space. The temperature is hot and may be as high as thousands of degrees as the few molecules that are present in the thermosphere receive extraordinary large amounts of energy from the Sun. However, the thermosphere would actually feel very cold to us because of the probability that these few molecules will hit our skin and transfer enough energy to cause appreciable heat is extremely low.
Hydrosphere
Hydrosphere
Earth is the only planet in our solar system whose surface has liquid water. Water covers 71% of Earth’s surface (97% of it being sea water and 3% fresh water (http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Library/Water/) and divides it into five oceans and seven continents. Earth’s solar orbit, gravity, greenhouse effect, magnetic field and oxygen-rich atmosphere seem to combine to make Earth a water planet.
Earth is actually beyond the outer edge of the orbits which would be warm enough to form liquid water. Without some form of a greenhouse effect, Earth’s water would freeze.
On other planets, such as Venus, gaseous water is destroyed by solar ultraviolet radiation, and the hydrogen is ionized and blown away by the solar wind. This effect is slow, but inexorable. This is one hypothesis explains why Venus has no water. Without hydrogen, the oxygen interacts with the surface and is bound up in solid minerals.
In the Earth’s atmosphere, a tenuous layer of ozone within the stratosphere absorbs most of this energetic ultraviolet radiation high in the atmosphere, reducing the cracking effect. The ozone, too, can only be produced in an atmosphere with a large amount of free diatomic oxygen, and so also is dependent on the biosphere. The magnetosphere also shields the ionosphere from direct scouring by the solar wind.
The total mass of the hydrosphere is about 1.4 × 1021 kg, ca. 0.023 % of the Earth’s total mass
Earth in the Solar System
Earth in the Solar System
It takes Earth 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.091 seconds to rotate around the axis connecting the north pole and the south pole. Earth orbits the Sun every 365.2564 mean solar days. Earth has one natural satellite, the Moon, which orbits around Earth every 27 1/3 days.
The orbital and axial planes are not precisely aligned: Earth’s axis is tilted some 23.5 degrees against the Earth-Sun plane (which causes the seasons), and the Earth-Moon plane is tilted about 5 degrees against the Earth-Sun plane (otherwise there would be an eclipse every month).
Earth in the Solar System
Planets of our solar system
size comparison between earth and sun and other planets
Orbits of all the planets around the sun
Comparison between earth and moon
Full Moon
Moon
Phases of the moon
The Moon
The Moon
Luna, or simply ‘the Moon’, is a relatively large terrestrial planet-like satellite, about one quarter of Earth’s diameter(3,474 kms). The natural satellites orbiting other planets are called “moons”, after Earth’s Moon.
While there are only two basic types of regions on the Moon’s surface, there are many interesting surface features such as craters, mountain ranges, riles, and lava plains. The structure of the Moon’s interior is more difficult to study. The Moon’s top layer is a rocky solid, perhaps 800 km thick. Beneath this layer is a partially molten zone. Although it is not known for certain, many lunar geologists believe the Moon may have a small iron core, even though the Moon has no magnetic field. By studying the Moon’s surface and interior, geologists can learn about the Moon’s geological history and its formation.
The footprints left by Apollo astronauts will last for centuries because there is no wind on the Moon. The Moon does not possess any atmosphere, so there is no weather as we are used to on Earth. Because there is no atmosphere to trap heat, the temperatures on the Moon are extreme, ranging from 100° C at noon to -173° C at night.
The Moon doesn’t produce its own light, but looks bright because it reflects light from the Sun. Think of the Sun as a light bulb, and the Moon as a mirror, reflecting light from the light bulb. The lunar phase changes as the Moon orbits the Earth and different portions of its surface are illuminated by the Sun.
The gravitational attraction between the Earth and Moon cause the tides on Earth. The same effect on the Moon has led to its tidal locking: its rotation period is the same as the time it takes to orbit the Earth. As a result it always presents the same face to the planet.
The Moon is just far enough away to have, when seen from Earth, very nearly the same apparent angular size as the Sun (the Sun is 400 times larger, but the Moon is 400 times closer). This allows total eclipses as well as annular eclipses to occur on Earth. Here is a diagram showing the relative sizes of the Earth and the Moon and the distance between the two.
Biggest geographic subdivision
Area:
Total: 510.073 million km2
Land: 148.94 million km2
Water: 361.132 million km2
Note: 70.8 % of the world’s surface is covered by water, 29.2 % is exposed land
Land boundaries: the land boundaries in the world total 251,480 km (not counting shared boundaries twice)
Coastline: 356,000 km
Climate
Two large areas of polar climates separated by two rather narrow temperate zones from a wide equatorial band of tropical to subtropical climates. Precipitation patterns vary widely, ranging from several metres of water per year to less than a millimetre.
The climate where you live is called regionalclimate. It is the average weather in a place over more than thirty years. To describe the regional climate of a place, people often tell what the temperatures are like over the seasons, how windy it is, and how much rain or snow falls. The climate of a regional depends on many factors including the amount of sunlight it receives, its height above sea level, the shape of the land, and how close it is to oceans. Since the equator receives more sunlight than the poles, climate varies depending on distance from the equator.
However, we can also think about the climate of an entire planet. Globalclimate is a description of the climate of a planet as a whole, with all the regional differences averaged. Overall, global climate depends on the amount of energy received by the Sun and the amount of energy that is trapped in the system. These amounts are different for different planets. Scientists who study Earth’s climate and climate change study the factors that affect the climate of our whole planet.
While the weather can change in just a few hours, climatechanges over longer timeframes. Our Earth is warming more quickly than it has in the past according to the research of scientists. Hot summer days may be quite typical of climates in many regions of the world, but global warming is causing Earth’s average global temperature to increase. The amount of solar radiation, the chemistry of the atmosphere, clouds, and the biosphere all affect Earth’s climate.
Greenhouse effect
Factors that affect climate
Natural and environmental hazards
Large areas are subject to extreme weather such as tropical cyclones, hurricanes, or typhoons that dominate life in those areas. Many places are subject to earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, tornadoes, sinkholes, blizzards, floods, droughts, and other calamities and disasters.
Many localized areas are subject to human-made pollution of the air and water, acid rain and toxic substances, loss of vegetation, loss of wildlife, species extinction, soil degradation, soil depletion, erosion, and introduction of invasive species.
A scientific consensus exists linking human activities to global warming due to industrial carbon dioxide emissions. This is predicted to produce changes such as the melting of glaciers and ice sheets, more extreme temperature ranges, significant changes in weather conditions and a global rise in average sea levels.
In General
Modern geologists and geophysicists accept that the age of the Earth is around 4.54 billion years (4.54 × 109 years ± 1%). This age has been determined by radiometric age dating of meteorite material and is consistent with the ages of the oldest known terrestrial and lunar samples.
Following the scientific revolution and the development of radiometric age dating, measurements of lead in uranium-rich minerals showed that some were in excess of a billion years old. The oldest such minerals analyzed to date, small crystals of zircon from the JackHills of Western Australia, are at least 4.404 billion years old. Comparing the mass and luminosity of the Sun to the multitudes of other stars, it appears that the solar system cannot be much older than those rocks. Ca-Al-rich inclusions (inclusions rich in calcium and aluminium), the oldest known solid constituents within meteorites that are formed within the solar system , are 4.567 billion years old, giving an age for the solar system and an upper limit for the age of Earth. It is hypothesized that the accretion of Earth began soon after the formation of the Ca-Al-rich inclusions and the meteorites. Because the exact accretion time of Earth is not yet known, and the predictions from different accretion models range from a few millions up to about 100 million years, the exact age of Earth is difficult to determine. It is also difficult to determine the exact age of the oldest rocks on Earth, exposed at the surface, as they are aggregates of minerals of possibly different ages. The Acasta Gneiss of Northern Canada may be the oldest known exposed crustal rock.
AREA Chicago’s February newsletter landed today, with information about not one but two other ongoing soupcentric events.
One, I’ve mentioned before: INCUBATE-Chicago’s nifty Sunday Soup program is a monthly soup brunch designed to fund microgrants for artists. February’s grantee is Dan S. Wang. Brunch is served from noon to 1 February 8; from 1-2 various “guest chefs, local collaborators, and supporters present their creative projects” (not totally clear to me whether this includes Wang or not). It’s open to the public, with a $10 cover.
Meanwhile, every Tuesday over at the Jane Addams-Hull-House Museum soup is served under the rubric Re-thinking Soup. This has been going on since — apparently — last spring, but for all my soup research I seem to have missed it. I feel dumb.
This project pairs a free weekly soup meal with speakers — activists, doctors, farmers, chefs, artists — whose various pursuits are in orbit in the raggedly defined universe of food, farming, nutrition, and social justice. It’s from noon to 1:30 in the Residents’ Dining Hall at 800 S. Halsted — and if you miss it you can follow along on, er, the Re-Thinking Soup blog. Where they post recipes.
I swear I had not heard about this till now. Really. Please don’t hate me, Hull-House people!
Anyway. All of which is to say, behold the power of soup. And, if you miss Soup and Bread some week, maybe go check out one of these other worthy projects?
UPDATE: Holy cow. OK, so the other night some friends were telling me about how the roommate of another friend had been the Obama family’s private chef for the last few years. And, that, wasn’t it exciting that the Obamas decided to take him with them to Washington. And, yeah, I said — that is pretty cool.
Now, though, it turns out that said chef, Sam Kass, formerly of Avec, was also (until last week) part-time executive chef at Hull-House, and the culinary brains behind . . . wait for it . . . Re-Thinking Soup.
Which, a) makes me feel even dumber for not knowing about the project before yesterday, and b) only reinforces my belief that, collectively, all these soup freaks are onto something big.
Free soup. Change we can believe in.
X-ray apparatus at Linus Pauling's desk, Gates Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. 1925.
Dear Readers,
(Last Updated Oct 31, 2009 @ 10:17 pm EST) Anything in Brown has just been added - Major update now includes fixes for AVG Free (9.0686)
Now You Can Follow The Computer Savvy Weblog Via Twitter: https://twitter.com/Computer_Savvy
I JUST ADDED…..A BUNCH OF STUFF FROM OTHER POSTS>>>>>TO THIS ONE SO IT SHOULD >>>>COVER PRETTY MUCH EVERY ISSUE>>SO FAR INCLUDING THE NEW UPDATE TO AVG 8.0.100, 8.0.138 , 8.0.169, 8.0.173, 8.0.175, 8.0.176, 8.0.233, 8.0.234, 8.0.237, 8.5.276, 8.5.278, 8.5.283, 8.5.285, 8.5.287, 8.5.325, 8.5.329, 8.5.336, 8.5.339, 8.5.364, 8.5.374. 8.5.375 8.5.386 8.5.387, 8.5.392, 8.5.406, 8.5.408, 8.5.409, 8.5.420, 8.5.421, 8.5.422, 9.0.686 and 9.0.698
—- IF IT IS NOT COVERED HERE E-MAIL ME @ computer.savvy@hotmail.com OR TAKE A LOOK AT MY OTHER POSTS AVG ISSUES AND FIXES POSTS….
Neighborhood
Explore friends, family, friends & family, or entire neighborhood.
